Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive method used to monitor changes in hemoglobin concentration and oxygen levels in the body. This technique involves passing near-infrared light, primarily in the range of 650 to 900 nm, through tissues.
Pharmaceutical Process Automation and Equipment
Technological advances in automation and robotics are enabling the pharmaceutical industry to increase the speed and accuracy of their processes such as filling, packaging and